Module 28: Inferential Statistics

• Probability Normal distribution,
• Poison distribution,
• Binomial distribution
• Estimation of standard error
• Confidence interval
• Tests of significance
• Concepts of alpha and beta error
• Bias and random error
• Sample size calculation
• Sampling
• Correlation and regression

Probability is best defined by:

1. Estimation of the unknown parameter
2. Measurement of the chance of occurrence of an event 
3. Prediction of future data
4. Measurement of the relationship of variables

The formula to calculate probability of an event is:

1. P (a) = n/m
2. P (a) = m+n/n
3. P (a) = ab/a+b
4. P (a) = m/n

What does sensitivity of a test mean?

1. The probability of test negative who has the disease
2. The probability of test negative who does not have the disease
3. The probability of test positive who has the disease
4. The probability of test positive who does not have the disease

A normal probability distribution is the probability distribution of ………….variable.

1. Categorical
2. Discrete
3. Dichotomous
4. Continuous

Hypothesis test broadly divided into two categories, they are:

1. Chi-square and t-test
2. Chi-square and z-test
3. Correlation and regression
4. Parametric and non-parametric test

The most popular non-parametric test for categorical data with a large sample is:

1. Student t-test

2. Chi-square test

3. Normal test

4. Correlation analysis

The value of correlation coefficient always lies between:

1. ‘0’ to ‘1’
2. ‘0’ to ‘-1’
3. ‘-1’ to ‘1’
4. ‘1’ to ‘2’

What regression analysis does?

1. It gives the degree of strength of the relationship between two or more variables
2. It estimates the values of the independent variable based on the dependent variable (s)
3. It measures the dependency of variables
4. It estimates the value of the dependent variable based on the independent variable (s)

Which is the correct formula to calculate Standard error?

1. S.E. = σ/√n       
2. S.E. = mean/√n
3. S.E. =σ^2/√n
4. S.E. = σ/√n-1

What does confidence interval mean?

1. A confidence interval is a type of estimate of an error
2. A confidence interval is a type of interval estimate of a population parameter, which consist of a range of values 
3. A confidence interval is a type of estimate of variables
4. A confidence interval is level of significance

 What is the hypothesis test? Explain the steps of hypothesis testing. (2+3= 5)