#Module 10: Demography

Spotter 1

1. Write the name of the given model. (1)
👉 Demographic Transition Model (DTM) / Demography Cycle

2. Enlist its stages. (1)

1. Stage 1 – High stationary: High birth rate, high death rate → population stable

2. Stage 2 – Early expanding: High birth rate, declining death rate → population grows

3. Stage 3 – Late expanding: Declining birth rate, low death rate → population growth slows

4. Stage 4 – Low stationary: Low birth rate, low death rate → population stabilizes

5. Stage 5 – Declining (optional, modern): Birth rate < death rate → population may decline

Spotter 2

1. Write the formula to calculate NMR, IMR, U5MR and Case Fatality Rate. (2)