#Module 9: Environmental Health-II

Spotter 1

1. Write the name of given vector (0.5)
👉 Anopheles mosquito, identified by its resting position with body held at a 45° angle to the surface

2.Enlist the disease transmitted by this vector. (0.5)
👉 Malaria

Other less common diseases...........

• Filariasis (some species)

• O’nyong-nyong virus (rare)

3. List the control measures. (1)

• Vector control: eliminate breeding sites, larvicides, IRS, ITNs

• Personal protection: bed nets, repellents, protective clothing

• Early diagnosis & treatment: RDTs, microscopy, antimalarial drugs

• Health education on transmission and prevention

• Surveillance & monitoring

Spotter 2

1. Write the name of this vector. (0.5)
👉 Culex mosquito

2. State two diseases transmitted by this mosquito. (1)
👉 Lymphatic filariasis
👉 Japanese encephalitis

3. What is the drug of choice for the clinical condition associated with this vector? (0.5)
👉 Diethylcarbamazine (DEC)

Spotter 3

1. Write the name of this vector. (0.5)
👉 Aedes aegypti

2. What are the diseases transmitted by this vector? (0.5)
👉 Dengue fever
👉 Chikungunya

👉 Yellow fever
👉 Zika virus disease

3. What is transovarial transmission? (1)
👉 When an infected female arthropod (mosquito or tick) passes a pathogen directly to her eggs, infecting the offspring before they hatch.

Spotter 4